About the Migration Governance Indicators
About the Migration Governance Indicators
Migrants' rights
Migrants' rights
Indicators in this domain assess the extent to which migrants have the same status as citizens in terms of access to basic social services such as health, education, and social security. It also describes the rights of migrants to family reunification, to work, and to residency and citizenship. The ratification of the main international conventions is also included within this domain.
Indicators in this category look at the extent to which migrants have access to certain social services such as health, education and social security. They also examine measures to ensure integration and access to work.
Whole of government approach
Whole of government approach
Indicators in this domain assess countries’ institutional, legal, and regulatory frameworks related to migration policies. Domain 2 also reviews the existence of national migration strategies that are in-line with development, as well as institutional transparency and coherence in relation to migration management. This domain also investigates the extent to which governments collect and use migration data.
Indicators in this category assess the institutional frameworks of cities for migration. This area also examines the existence of migration strategies consistent with development objectives, as well as institutional transparency and coherence in migration management.
Partnerships
Partnerships
This domain focuses on countries’ efforts to cooperate on migration-related issues with other states and with relevant non-governmental actors, including civil society organizations and the private sector. Cooperation can lead to improvements in governance by aligning and raising standards, increasing dialogue and providing structures to overcome challenges.
Indicators in this category focus on cities’ efforts to cooperate on migration issues with the national government as well as other cities and relevant non-governmental actors, including civil society organizations and the private sector.
Well-being of migrants
Well-being of migrants
This domain includes indicators on countries’ policies for managing the socioeconomic well-being of migrants, through aspects such as the recognition of migrants’ educational and professional qualifications, provisions regulating student migration and the existence of bilateral labour agreements between countries. Indicators equally focus on policies and strategies related to diaspora engagement and migrant remittances.
Indicators in this category assess cities’ initiatives in terms of international student mobility, access to the labour market and decent working conditions for migrant workers. Aspects related to diaspora engagement and migrant remittances are also included in this domain.
Mobility dimensions of crises
Mobility dimensions of crises
This domain studies the type and level of preparedness of countries when they are faced with mobility dimensions of crises, linked to either disasters, the environment and/or conflict. The questions are used to identify the processes in place for nationals and non-nationals both during and after disasters, including whether humanitarian assistance is equally available to migrants as it is to citizens.
Indicators in this category examine the type and level of readiness of cities to deal with aspects of mobility crises. The questions focus on the processes in place for citizens and non-citizens both during and after disasters, especially if humanitarian assistance is available for migrants and citizens.
Safe, orderly and regular migration
Safe, orderly and regular migration
This domain analyses countries’ approach to migration management in terms of border control and enforcement policies, admission criteria for migrants, preparedness and resilience in the case of significant and unexpected migration flows, as well as the fight against trafficking in human beings and smuggling of migrants. It also assesses efforts and incentives to help integrate returning citizens.
Indicators in this category look at the cities’ approaches to migrant safety as well as return and reintegration policies and the fight against trafficking in persons.
Key findings
Introduction
This country Profile describes examples of well-developed areas of Union of the Comoros (hereafter referred to as the Comoros) migration governance structures and areas with potential for further development, as evaluated through the six domains of the Migration Governance Indicators (MGI). These address migrants’ rights, a “whole-of-government” approach, partnerships, socioeconomic well-being of migrants, the mobility dimensions of crises, and safe and orderly migration.
Click the icons on the wheel to explore the key findings.
The Migration Governance Indicators (MGI) initiative is a policy-benchmarking programme led by the International Organization for Migration (IOM) and implemented with research and analysis from the Economist Impact. Funding is provided by IOM Member States.
Key findings
Migrants’ rights
Migration Governance: examples of well-developed areas
• All migrants have the same access to Government-financed health care as citizens of the Comoros.
• Migrant workers enjoy the same rights as nationals regarding basic social protection.
• Foreign residents can become citizens of the Comoros after having continuously resided in the country for 5 to 10 years.
Areas with potential for further development:
• The Comoros has not concluded any agreements with other countries on the portability of social security benefits.
• Family reunification is only possible for migrants holding diplomatic or service visas.
Key findings
Whole-of-government approach
Migration Governance: examples of well-developed areas
• The Multisectoral Monitoring and Steering Commission for Migration Issues in the Union of the Comoros ensures interministerial coordination on migration issues.
• The Central Department for Immigration and Emigration is in charge of ensuring the effective implementation of entry and stay regulations, as well as deportation for foreigners in the Comoros.
• The Office for Comorians Abroad is mandated to identify members of the diaspora and uphold their rights as citizens of the Comoros.
Areas with potential for further development:
• The Comoros has not elaborated a national migration policy yet.
• The National Institute of Statistics and Economic and Demographic Studies does not collect or publish migration data, apart from the national census
Key findings
Partnerships
Migration Governance: examples of well-developed areas
• The Comoros is a member of the Pan-African Forum on Migration and participates in three other regional consultative processes.
• The Comoros has concluded bilateral visa-exemption agreements with Mauritius, Senegal and Tunisia.
• The Comoros cooperates with civil society organizations on migration-related matters through the Multisectoral Monitoring and Steering Commission for Migration Issues.
Areas with potential for further development:
• The Comoros has not engaged formally with the private sector on migration-related issues.
• The Comoros has not engaged formally with members of its diaspora on development matters.
Key findings
Well-being of migrants
Migration Governance: examples of well-developed areas
• The Comoros has adopted measures to promote gender equality for all workers, including migrants.
• International students have the same access to university education as citizens in terms of admission criteria and tuition fees.
• The Comoros has adopted the European LMD system (Bachelor–Master–Doctorate) and facilitates the recognition of certificates in all countries that have adopted the system.
Areas with potential for further development:
• The Comoros does not have a system to assess the national labour market demand for migrant workers.
• The country does not offer different visas to attract specific skills.
• The Comoros has not adopted specific measures to promote the ethical recruitment of migrant workers or protecting Comorian workers abroad.
Key findings
Mobility dimension of crises
Migration Governance: examples of well-developed areas
•The Directorate General for Civil Security does not make any distinction between migrants and nationals in its operations in times of crises.
•The National Emergency Response and Preparedness Plan covers disaster-related displacements and stipulates measures to prevent and address them.
•The Comoros has communication systems to inform the public on the evolving nature of crises in different languages.
Areas with potential for further development:
•There are no exceptions in immigration procedures for migrants whose countries of origin are facing crises.
•Post-disaster recovery strategies in the Comoros do not consider migration issues.
Key findings
Safe, orderly and regular migration
Migration Governance: examples of well-developed areas
- The Central Department for Immigration and Emigration coordinates of border management through its four services..
- The Law on the fight against child labour and trafficking aims to define, prevent, and punish all forms of child labour and the smuggling and trafficking of children.
- The Comoros has concluded two agreements with France to combat migrant smuggling.
Areas with potential for further development:
- The Comoros does not have an integrated border management system.
- Border management staff are only trained on an ad hoc basis.
- The Comoros does not have a national counter-trafficking strategy and does not publish information on its counter-trafficking activities.
2021 August
