Indikatoren in dieser Dimension analysieren, inwieweit Migrantinnen und Migranten hinsichtlich des Zugangs zu grundlegenden sozialen Diensten wie Gesundheit, Bildung und soziale Sicherheit den gleichen Status wie Bürgerinnen und Bürger haben. Es beschreibt die Rechte von Migrantinnen und Migranten auf Familienzusammenführung, Arbeit, Aufenthalt und Staatsbürgerschaft. Die Ratifizierung der wichtigsten internationalen Konventionen fällt ebenfalls in diesen Bereich.main.
Indikatoren in dieser Dimension bewerten die institutionellen, rechtlichen und regulatorischen Rahmenbedingungen der Länder im Zusammenhang mit Migrationspolitik. Dimension 2 beinhaltet auch das Vorhandensein von nationalen Migrationsstrategien, die mit Entwicklungspolitik und -ansätzen im Einklang stehen, sowie die institutionelle Transparenz und Kohärenz in Bezug auf Migrationsmanagement. In diesem Bereich wird auch untersucht, inwieweit Regierungen Migrationsdaten erheben und verwenden.
Diese Dimension konzentriert sich auf die Bemühungen von Ländern, in migrationsbezogenen Fragen mit anderen Staaten und einschlägigen nichstaatlichen Akteuren, einschließlich Organisationen der Zivilgesellschaft und des Privatsektors, zusammenzuarbeiten. Kooperation kann zu Verbesserungen der Regierungsführung führen, indem Standards angeglichen und angehoben, der Dialog intensiviert und Strukturen der Bewältigung von Herausforderungen geschaffen werden.
Diese Dimension umfasst Indikatoren für die Politik der Länder zur Steuerung des sozioökonomischen Wohlergehens von Migrantinnen und Migranten, z.B. die Anerkennung der Bildungs- und Berufsqualifikationen von Migrantinnen und Migranten, Bestimmungen zur Regelung der Studentenmigration und das Bestehen bilateraler Arbeitsabkommen zwischen Ländern. Die Indikatoren konzentrieren sich gleichermaßen auf Maßnahmen und Strategien im Zusammenhang mit dem Engagement der Diasporamitglieder und den grenzüberschreitenden Geldtransfers von Migrantinnen und Migranten
Diese Dimension befasst sich mit der Art und dem Grad der Bereitschaft von Ländern, wenn sie mit Mobilitätsdimensionen von Krisen konfrontiert sind, die entweder mit Katastrophen, der Umwelt und/oder Konflikten zusammenhängen. Die Fragen werden verwendet, um die Prozesse für Staatsangehörige und Ausländer sowohl während als auch Katastrophen zu ermitteln, einschließlich der Frage, ob humanitäre Hilfe für Migrantinnen und Migranten genauso verfügbar ist wir für Bürgerinnen und Bürger.
Diese Dimension analysiert den Ansatz der Länder zum Migrationsmanagement bezüglich Grenzkontroll- und Grenzschutzmaßnahmen, Zulassungsvoraussetzungen für Migranten, Vorbereitung und Flexibilität bei erheblichen und unerwarteten Wanderungsbewegungen sowie die Bekämpfung des Menschenhandels und des Menschenschmuggels von Migrantinnen und Migranten. Es werden auch die Bemühungen und Anreize zur Unterstützung der Integration der zurückkehrenden Staatsbürgerinnen und -burger bewertet.
This country Profile describes examples of well-developed areas of the Republic of Guinea Bissau (hereafter referred to as Guinea Bissau) migration governance structures and areas with potential for further development, as evaluated through the six domains of the Migration Governance Indicators (MGI). These address migrants’ rights, a “whole-of-government” approach, partnerships, socioeconomic well-being of migrants, the mobility dimensions of crises, and safe and orderly migration.
Click the icons on the wheel to explore the key findings.
The Migration Governance Indicators (MGI) initiative is a policy-benchmarking programme led by the International Organization for Migration (IOM) and implemented with research and analysis from the Economist Intelligence Unit. Funding is provided by IOM Member States.
Migration Governance: examples of well-developed areas
- Guinea-Bissau’s Constitution of the Republic (1996) states that immigrants have the same rights as nationals to private-sector employment.
- As a member State, the country implements the ECOWAS General Convention on Social Security (2013) which guarantees the equal treatment and portability of social security rights for nationals of member States.
- Citizens of Guinea-Bissau residing abroad are allowed to vote in national elections (both presidential and legislative).
Areas with potential for further development
- Existing legislation does not impose barriers for access to health care by migrants, but conditions for equal access as nationals are not explicit either.
- The legislative framework does not include provisions for family reunification.
- The country does not have a specific policy or strategy in place to combat discrimination and xenophobia against migrants.
Migration Governance: examples of well-developed areas
- Guinea-Bissau developed a National Global Compact for Migration Action Plan (2021–2022) to work towards the achievement of the Compact’s priorities for the country.
- The Directorate General of Regional Integration oversees issues related to the Protocol on Free Movement of Persons, Residence and Establishment in the Economic Community of West African States (1979).
- The National Platform on Migration seeks to enhance horizontal coordination among ministries.
Areas with potential for further development
- Guinea-Bissau does not have a national migration strategy.
- Legislation governing migration in the country is fragmented, and migration regulations are not easily accessible to the public.
- Migration data collection, analysis and dissemination are limited and do not take place in a regular manner.
Migration Governance: examples of well-developed areas
- Guinea-Bissau is part of the Migration Dialogue for West Africa and is also a member State of the Community of Portuguese Language Countries (Comunidade dos Países de Língua Portuguesa, CPLP).
- The country has signed bilateral agreements with Portugal on medical evacuation and health assistance in 1992 and on social security in 1994.
Areas with potential for further development
- There is no formal collaboration or communication with the diaspora communities to engage them in agenda-setting and the implementation of development policy.
Migration Governance: examples of well-developed areas
- International students pay the same fees as nationals at the university level.
- National legislation also allows international students to work in the country after completion of their studies.
Areas with potential for further development
- National programmes related to gender equality in the labour market, do not specifically mention migrants.
- The country does not have a formal skills and qualifications accreditation system.
- There is no defined programme for managing labour immigration into the country, nor different types of visas to attract migrants with specific labour skills.
Migration Governance: examples of well-developed areas
- The Clause of Definitive Local Integration for Long Term Refugees (2017 and 2018) allows refugees to acquire nationality from Guinea-Bissau with reduced costs and simplified procedures.
- The National Early Warning and Response Centre reports incidents that could cause a crisis to the Early Warning Directorate of the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) Commission.
Areas with potential for further development
- Existing communication in times of crisis or emergencies channels do not account for the specific vulnerabilities that migrants and other at-risk groups face.
- There are no emergency plans for citizens of Guinea-Bissau living abroad.
Migration Governance: examples of well-developed areas
- Guinea-Bissau signed an agreement with Spain (2008) covering multiple migration-related topics, including on the exchange of information on human trafficking and smuggling.
- The country encourages the return of nationals of Guinea-Bissau living abroad through measures such as fiscal and customs exemptions of personal goods.
- The National Committee to Prevent and Fight Against Human Trafficking implements the National Action Plan to Prevent and Counter Trafficking in Persons (2020–2021).
Areas with potential for further development
- Guinea-Bissau does not have a system to monitor visa overstays.
- No specific or regular training is provided by the Government to border and immigration officers.
- The country does not have systems in place, including formal cooperation agreements with other countries, to trace and identify missing migrants within the national territory.
